I Would Not Classify Myself As An Athletic Or Sporty Person

I would not classify myself as an athletic or sporty person. Instead I would substitute creative in place of those words. My specialties lie within the realms of art that include drawing, painting, and poetry. These hobbies are enjoyable as they allow me to express myself when simple communication fails. They bring me happiness and give me a sense of purpose in my young life. When I create art, I get the chance escape the harsh experiences that humans go through by living essential in my head. As I get lost within my thoughts, I find imaginative ideas that I use for inspiration to create my various artworks. However, without exercise, how could I express myself physically or take care of my health? In the past, I despised any forms of exercise or physical activity. I found them tedious, boring and most importantly exhausting. I would rather do something sedentary than move around and become sweaty. Based on my unpersuadable opinions on exercise, I overlooked the meaningful impact th at it had on my overall well-being and development into adulthood. During the fall season of 2004, this attitude regarding sports changed. I joined a youth’ league basketball team at the Water Tower Recreation Center located in the Chestnut Hill neighborhood of Philadelphia. I absolutely enjoyed playing for the team as I found numerous great friends around my age. As a shy child, this helped me become more social among my peers thus improving my social skills. I found friends based on the common

Picasso at the Lapin Agile by Steve Martin

Picasso at the Lapin Agile is written by the iconic comedian/actor/screenwriter/banjo aficionado Steve Martin. Set in a Parisian bar at the beginning of the 20th century (1904 to be more precise), the play imagines a comical encounter between Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein, both of whom are in their early twenties and fully aware of their amazing potential. In addition to the two historical figures, the play is also populated with an amusingly incontinent barfly (Gaston), a gullible yet lovable bartender (Freddy), a wise waitress (Germaine), along with a few surprises that trounce in and out of the Lapin Agile. The play takes place in one non-stop scene, lasting approximately 80 to 90 minutes. There isnt much plot or conflict; however, there is a satisfying combination of whimsical nonsense and philosophic conversation. The Meeting of the Minds: How to spark the interest of the audience: Bring two (or more) historical figures together for the first time. Plays such as Picasso at the Lapin Agile belong to a genre all their own. In some cases, the fictionalized dialogue is rooted in an actual event, such as (four music legends for the price of one Broadway show). More imaginative revisions of history include plays such as The Meeting, a fabricated yet fascinating discussion between Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. One could also compare Martins play to more serious fare, such as Michael Frayns Copenhagen (which focuses on science and morality) and John Logans Red (which focuses on art and identity). However, Martins play rarely takes itself as seriously as the aforementioned dramas. Audience members who dont want to be bogged down with overly-academic monologs and excruciating historical accuracy will be charmed when they discover that Steve Martins work just skims the surface of much deeper intellectual waters. (If you want more depth in your theater, visit Tom Stoppard.) Low Comedy Vs. High Comedy Steve Martins comic stylings cover a broad range. He isnt above a fart joke, as indicated by his performance in the adolescent-pandering remake of The Pink Panther. However, as a writer, he is also capable of lofty, high-brow material. For example, his 1980s film Roxanne, screenplay by Martin, wonderfully adapted Cyrano de Bergerac setting the love story in a small Colorado town, circa 1980s. The protagonist, a long-nosed firefighter, delivers a remarkable monolog, an extensive list of self-insults about his own nose. The speech is hysterical to contemporary audiences, yet it also harkens back to the source material in clever ways. Martins versatility is exemplified when one compares his classic comedy The Jerk to his novel, a very subtle blend of humor and angst. The opening moments of Picasso at the Lapin Agile inform the audience that this play will be making several detours into the land of silliness. Albert Einstein walks into the bar, and when he identifies himself, the fourth wall is broken: Einstein: My name is Albert Einstein.Freddy: You cant be. You just cant be.Einstein: Sorry, Im not myself today. (He fluffs his hair, making himself look like Einstein.) Better?Freddy: No, no, thats not what I mean. In order of appearance.Einstein: Come again?Freddy: In order of appearance. youre not third. (Taking playbill from audience member.) Youre fourth. It says so right here: Cast in order of appearance. So, from the beginning, the audience is asked not to take this play too seriously. Presumably, this is when snobby historians walk out of the theater in a huff, leaving the rest of us to enjoy the story. Meet Einstein: Einstein stops in for a drink while waiting to meet his date (who will be meeting him at a different bar). To pass the time, happily listens to the locals converse, occasionally weighing in his perspective. When a young woman enters the bar and asks if Picasso has arrived yet, Einstein becomes curious about the artist. When he looks at a small piece of paper with a doodle by Picasso he says, I never thought the twentieth century would be handed to me so casually. However, it is up to the reader (or the actor) to decide how sincere or sarcastic Einstein is about the importance of Picassos work. For the most part, Einstein exhibits amusement. While the supporting characters bicker about the beauty of painting, Einstein knows that his scientific equations have a beauty of their own, one that will change humanitys perception of its place in the universe. Yet, he is not too boastful or arrogant, merely playful and enthusiastic about the 20th century. Meet Picasso: Did someone say arrogant? Martins portrayal of the egotistical Spanish artist isnt too far removed from other depictions, Anthony Hopkins, in the film Surviving Picasso, fills his characterization with machismo, passion, and blatant selfishness. So too is Martins, Picasso. However, this younger portrayal is feisty and funny, and more than a bit insecure when his rival Matisse enters the conversation. Picasso is a ladys, man. He is blatant about his obsession with the opposite sex, and he is also unrepentant about casting women aside once he has used them physically and emotionally. One of the most insightful monologs is delivered by the waitress, Germaine. She chastises him thoroughly for his misogynist ways, but it seems that Picasso is happy to listen to the criticism. As long as the conversation is about m, he is happy! Dueling with Pencils: Each characters high level of self-confidence draws him to one another, and the most engaging scene of the play takes place when Picasso and Einstein challenge each other to an artistic duel. They both dramatically raise a pencil. Picasso begins to draw. Einstein writes a formula. Both creative products, they claim, are beautiful. Overall, the play is light-hearted with a few dashes of intellectual moments for the audience to contemplate afterward. As one would hope from a play by Steve Martin there are more than a few quirky surprises, one of the zaniest being an oddball character named Schmendiman who purports to be as great as Einstein and Picasso, but who instead is simply a wild and crazy guy.

Use Of Neuroticism On Self Esteem - 1553 Words

The Affect that the Manipulation of Neuroticism has on Self-Esteem. Life Satisfaction is rapidly becoming a greater issue that is being researched and tested in countries all over the world. Positive levels of life satisfaction is associated with positive personal, psychological, and social predictors considered in both the future and the present. (Marcionetti Rossier). Positive life satisfaction can be a predictor for higher levels of self-esteem, greater knowledge of oneself, and a strong correlation of personality traits. â€Å"Moreover, self-esteem seems to be a mediator of the relationship between personality traits and global life satisfaction, suggesting that it might be considered as a process variable regulating behaviors, feelings,†¦show more content†¦One’s self-esteem can change rather quickly depending on external situations such as your mood, relationships with others, and your performance in different aspects of your life. A study was conducted by Ort h Luciano to research the correlation between positive self-esteem and stressful life events. Orth Luciano define self-esteem as â€Å"an individual’s subjective evaluation of his or her with as a person†¦ self-esteem does not necessarily reflect the person’s objective talents, competencies, or social status† (Orth Luciano, 2015, p.708). Orth and Luciano tested the possibility that the possibility that stressful life events influence one’s self-esteem but also the idea that self-esteem influences the possibility that stressful life events will occur. Self-esteem is an important area of study to test how vulnerable it is and how the strength of your self-esteem can be affected either positively or negatively by your personality. In testing the ability to manipulate self-esteem, it gives insight into how easily manipulatable one’s self-esteem is in an everyday life or situation. Sowislo and Orth conducted a study to test the vulnerability of yourself esteem and how personality traits can contribute to the fluctuation. When one has a vulnerable self-esteem according to Sowislo and Orth vulnerable self-esteem plays a large role in the future risk for depression. â€Å"For some individuals, self-esteemShow MoreRelatedThe World Is Changing Now As The Internet And Social Network1632 Words   |  7 Pages(Amichai-Hamburger Vinitzky, 2010). And, using of social applications on the Internet is related with factors such as extraversion, emotional stability and openness (Correa, Hinsley, Zà ºÃƒ ±iga 2010).†¨ However, these findings used limited personality factors, so I use all possible factors in once. This study finds the whole relationships between individual personality and addictiveness on SNS(social network services) and seeks to expand the literature by this finding. †¨ This experiment is not really did. 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Questions On The Security System - 1791 Words

Abstract Security systems are delicate structures that need to be strengthened given that they are exposed to a lot of risks related to the vulnerabilities that they possess. One of the vulnerabilities that pose risks to the system is the use of default settings. Default settings are common among different people that deal with software. Therefore, hackers will always try to penetrate such systems. It is important to hire security personnel system so that they help in mitigating the risks related to the vulnerability. An effective risk management staff will mitigate the vulnerability so as to prevent future risks related to it. For instance, some will decide to put patches on the system so as to alter its default nature. This approach†¦show more content†¦These systems control different operations such as security, mechanical processes, and communication processes among others (Drew, 2005). Arguably, these systems make organizational operations effective as long as they are maintaine d and protected from security threats. The security systems usually face a lot of risks that jeopardize the whole system as well as the organizational operations (Nyanchama Stefaniu, 2003). The threats are in most cases caused as a result of the vulnerability of the security system. Arguably, experts define system vulnerability as a firmware, hardware, or software defect that makes it susceptible. In other words, vulnerability is a weakness in the procedures of an automated system security (Drew, 2005). The main threat faced by vulnerable systems is exploitation. This is whereby an unauthorized individual gains access to restricted information and controls. Some people exploit such systems so as to steal data or money while others do it for personal reasons such as revenge. Arguably, the main cause of vulnerability of system security is the complex structure of the system. The complexity of internal security systems makes it easy for it to have flaws. As noted earlier, such flaws a re known as security system vulnerability. Vulnerability (Default Settings) There are

Birth Skin To Skin Contact Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

The first hr after birth is a clip of peculiar sensitiveness for the female parent. Close contact with her babe during this clip facilitates the attachment procedure. Mother-baby bonding is enhanced when the bare neonate is placed on the female parent ‘s bare thorax. We will write a custom essay sample on Birth Skin To Skin Contact Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The female parent begins her scrutiny of her babe by researching the appendages and caput with her fingertips. Thereafter, she caresses her babe ‘s organic structure with her full manus before garnering her babe in her weaponries frequently in the en face place where eye-to-eye contact can be established. She talks to her babe with great emotion, looking for positive support from her spouse and other birth attenders. This sensitive period of interaction between the female parent and babe should advance ideal subsequently development of the babe. Therefore, it is of import after a gestation period of nine months, non to divide the babe from his female parent instantly after birth unless otherwise contraindicated due to wellness grounds A turning volume of research supports skin-to-skin contact between the female parent and the neonate in the immediate post-delivery period. Skin to clamber contact is defined as puting the bare newborn babe, prone covered across the dorsum with a warm cover, on the female parent ‘s bare thorax outright following birth. A significant figure of surveies showed that early skin-to-skin contact between the female parent and the neonate is good to the neonate. Some of the benefits of skin-to-skin contact include stabilisation of the neonate ‘s organic structure temperature through thermoregulation, ordinance of bosom rate and ordinance of respiratory rate ( Wallace A ; Marshal, 2001 ) . Additionally, early skin-to-skin contact facilitates the induction of breastfeeding, helps neonatal thermoregulation and promotes maternal-infant bonding ( Dabrowski, 2007 ; Wallace A ; Marshal, 2001 ) . Skin to clamber contact may besides guarantee colonisation of the babe with the female parent ‘s ain tegument vegetation, for which the kid will hold some opposition ( Wallace A ; Marshal, 2001 ) . Despite its aforesaid benefits and despite the UNICEF ‘s Baby Friendly best pattern run which calls for early tegument to clamber contact. Nowadays, separation of female parents from their newborn babes at bringing has become a usual pattern despite the intensifying grounds that this may hold negative effects on the neonate. This pattern is still non being implemented in the labour room in Bahrain. This can be due to miss of labour room nurses knowledge about the benefits of skin-to-skin contact. Study intent: To measure the perceptual experience of labour room nurses about skin-to-skin contact. Problem statement: What is the perceptual experience of labour room nurses towards skin-to-skin contact between female parent and the neonate? Research inquiries: ( 1 ) what do labour room nurses know about tegument to clamber contact? , ( 2 ) what are the factors labour room nurses place as barriers to execution of tegument to clamber contact, ( 3 ) what are the factors labour room nurses place as facilitators to execution of tegument to clamber contact? Aims: Identifying cognition degree of labour room nurses will assist in planing and implementing in-service instruction plans to educate nurses about the importance of skin-to-skin contact. Additionally, placing the barriers and facilitators of skin-to-skin contact will assist in planing intercessions to diminish the barriers and increase the factors that will ease skin-to-skin contact. This in bend will increase the execution of skin-to-skin contact in the labour suites in Bahrain. Conceptual definition: Skin to clamber contact: Puting the bare neonate on the female parent ‘s bare thorax instantly after birth. Knowledge: Information about tegument to clamber contact Barriers: Factors that decrease the likeliness of implementing tegument to clamber contact Facilitators: Factors that encourage the execution of tegument to clamber contact Operational definition: Skin to clamber contact: puting the bare newborn babe, on his/her tummy covered across the dorsum with a warm cover, on the female parent ‘s bare thorax for at least 15 proceedingss get downing instantly after birth. Cognition: the sum of information labour room nurses have about how to implement skin-to-skin contact and the benefits of skin-to-skin contact. Barriers: the factors that prevent labour room nurses from implementing skin-to-skin contact. Facilitators: the factors that help labour room nurses to implement skin-to-skin contact. Literature reappraisal: Skin-to-skin contact between the female parent and her neonate has been extensively researched and debated over the past 40 old ages. A thorough hunt of the literature revealed a big figure of surveies that focused on assorted facets of skin-to-skin contact including benefits to the female parent. However, the focal point of this reappraisal of the literature is on the benefits of skin-to-skin contact to the newborn and on the consequence of increasing nurse ‘s cognition on the rate of skin-to-skin execution in the labour room. Five relevant articles were selected for inclusion in this paper. These included one meta-analysis, one literature reappraisal and three research surveies. Benefits of skin-to skin contact: Two of import benefits of skin-to-skin contact to the neonates are thermoregulation and increased success of suckling. Jonas et al. , ( 2008 ) investigated the relationship between thermoregulation and breast-feeding two yearss after birth in a sample of 47 mother-infant braces. They besides wanted to larn if this relationship would be affected by the disposal of extradural analgesia ( EDA ) and oxytocin ( OT ) during labour. The sample was divided into three groups: OT group ( n=9 ) , OT plus EDA group ( n=20 ) and control group ( n=18 ) . The research workers monitored the temperature of the babes at 5, 10, 20 and 30 proceedingss after the neonate was placed skin-to-skin on the female parent ‘s thorax and covered with cover. They found that the babies whose female parents received EDA during labour their temperature increased foremost but remain same in comparing to OT and control group, which the tegument temperature increased significantly. Bystrova, et al. , ( 2007 ) investigated the effects of bringing ward patterns and early Suckling on maternal axillary and chest temperatures during the first 2 hours postpartum and related them to infant ‘s pes and alar temperatures. A sample of 176 mother-infant braces was randomized as follows: skin-to-skin contact group ( n=44 ) , which involved bare babies lying prone on their female parent ‘s bare thorax ; mother ‘s arm group ( n=44 ) , which involved appareled babies lying prone on their female parent ‘s thorax, and babies who were dressed and kept in the baby’s room ( n=88 ) . Maternal alar and breast temperatures, babies ‘ axillary, and pes temperatures were measured at 15-minute intervals from 30-120 proceedingss after birth. The fluctuation in chest temperature was highest in female parents in the skin-to-skin group and lowest in female parents of babies who were placed in the baby’s room. A positive relationship was found betwee n the maternal alar temperature and the infant pes and alar temperature 90 proceedingss after the start of the experiment in the skin-to-skin and female parent ‘s weaponries group. No such relationship was established in nursery group. In add-on, foot temperature in babies from the skin-to-skin group was 2oC higher than those babies from the female parent ‘s weaponries group. Bergstrom et al. , ( 2006 ) investigated the immediate maternal thermal response to skin-to-skin attention of newborn. In a sample of 39 female parents, the research workers measured the maternal tegument and alar temperatures instantly before skin-to-skin contact, so every 2minutes for 20minutes and eventually 10minutes after taking the newborn. They besides, measured the newborn ‘s brow, alar temperatures instantly before skin-to-skin contact, and twice after originating skin-to-skin, followed by a measuring 10minutes after newborn has been removed. Researchers found a positive relationship between maternal tegument temperatures in response to skin-to-skin contact, as a rapid thermic response established in maternal chest tegument instantly after skin-to-skin contact. It rose by o.5Celcius grade on norm the first 2minutes after skin-to-skin contact and dropped by 0.5Celcius grade 10minutes after newborn has been removed. Maternal alar temperature besides, raised 2minutes afte r induction of skin-to-skin but stayed changeless 10minutes after removed of the newborn from skin-to-skin place. Anderson ( 2003 ) examined the relationship between early skin-to-skin contact and breast-feeding and found that skin-to-skin contact had positive effects on breast-feeding. In add-on, Anderson ( 2003 ) found that skin-to-skin contact improved infant-maternal bonding. Luclington ( 2004 ) discussed the positive physiological effects of kangaroo female parent attention ( KMC ) on babies ‘ temperature, weight, bosom rate and respiratory rate. The KMC is another nomenclature that describes skin-to-skin contact. Sloan ( 1994 ) found that babies who received KMC were less likely to develop pneumonia compared to the babies who did non have KMC. Tessier ( 2003 ) reported that the babies who received uninterrupted KMC had higher IQ degree compared to the other babies who did non have KMC. Johnston ( 2003 ) research showed that babies who received KMC demonstrated less hurting and Charpak ( 2005 ) showed that babies who receive KMC were discharged earlier than babies who did non have KMC . A Meta-analysis of 23 surveies was done by Mori, Khanna, Pledge and Nakayama ( 2009 ) to analyze the physiological effects of skin-to-skin contact on the newborn. Consequences of this analysis showed that skin-to-skin contact had positive effects on the neonate ‘s bosom rate and organic structure temperature. However, no relationship was found between skin-to-skin contact and the neonate ‘s O impregnations ( Mori et al. , 2009 ) . In drumhead, research on skin-to-skin contact indicates that this pattern has several benefits for both the female parent and the baby. Some of these benefits include ordinance of the baby ‘s organic structure temperature, increasing maternal-infant bonding, and bettering breast-feeding chances. Design: A descriptive, non-experimental design will be used to measure the perceptual experience of labour room nurses about skin-to-skin contact between the female parent and her neonate. Sample: The trying method that we will utilize in choosing our topics is convenience trying. The sample will include nurses who work in the labour suites of authorities infirmaries including Salmaniya Medical Complex and Jidhafs Maternity Hospital. The sample will dwell of 50 labour room nurses available on a indiscriminately selected twenty-four hours and displacement. The sample will be drawn from the two aforesaid infirmaries as follows: Jihafs Maternity Hospital ( n=20 ) , and Salmaniya Medical Complex ( n=30 ) . Standards for inclusion of sample: The sample for this survey will dwell of labour room nurses working in authorities infirmaries in Bahrain. Nurses take parting in this survey must hold at least five old ages labour room experience. Bahraini and non-Bahraini nurses will be included. Nurses with Associate Degree or Bachelors of Science Degree will be included. Data bite instrument: A self-report questionnaire consisting of 12 inquiries on skin-to-skin contact and four demographic informations inquiries will be used to roll up informations from the sample. Pilot survey: A pilot survey will be conducted to prove the dependability and cogency of the questionnaire. The sample for the pilot survey will dwell of a convenience sample of 10 labour room nurses from Salmaniya Medical Center. The survey questionnaire will be modified as necessary based on the consequences of the pilot survey. Data aggregation processs: Permission to carry on the survey will be obtained from the head nursing services for infirmary. Following the blessing of the survey, the main nursing officer will administer an blessing missive to the nurses who are incharge of the labour suites in the three infirmaries. The questionnaires will be manus delivered in certain envelopes to the labour room incharges of the two infirmaries who will administer the questionnaire to their staff nurses. Each one of the research workers will be responsible for presenting the envelopes to one of the three infirmaries. The topics will be given two hebdomads to finish the questionnaires and return them to the office of the incharge individual of the labour room. The nurse incharge will be asked by the research worker to remind her staff to return the envelops with the completed questionnaires to her office. The envelops will so be collected by one of the research workers. Data analysis process: The statistical bundle for the societal scientific disciplines ( SPSS-version 17 ) will be used to analyse the information. Descriptive statistics will be used to depict the sample features. Inferential statistics including Chi square will be used to analyse informations sing cognition degree of labour room nurses of skin-to-skin contact. How to cite Birth Skin To Skin Contact Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Elevated Parking Lot free essay sample

Parking is an important aspect of the transportation system as it is an efficient means of storing vehicles while they are not in use, and it causes little disruption to the neighbouring roadways. It also ensures the comfort of the people who want their vehicles to be secured to prevent mishaps or accidents. A multi-storey car park (also called a garage parking structure) is therefore recommended given that it is designed for car parking where a number of floors or levels are available for the motorists’ use. It is essentially a stacked car park. The group would like to propose an elevated parking lot in Saint Pedro Poveda College. Our school lacks parking space for teachers, students and other school personnel. In response to the desire of the students of Saint Pedro Poveda College to bring their own vehicle to school, the group came up with a proposal of having an elevated parking lot inside the school which is guarded and safe. The school has its parking lot inside the campus but it is only for the use of the teaching and non-teaching staff. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSAL Why does this group want to build a parking space for the teachers, staff and students? It is common for schools to have its own parking space for their staff and students. Hence, we would like to build a parking lot or commonly known as off-street parking, for teachers, staff and students so they may experience the comfort of having their own vehicles situated inside the school premises which is guarded and safe. This parking lot will be safe as it will be positioned near the guard house of the school. In addition, the school will have enough parking space limiting the people to be disturbed should their cars be blocking the way. It will also be beneficial as the school can earn profits from this project by means of yearly/monthly due. III. Program 1. How will it be conducted? Proposal will be submitted to Dean’s Office for approval and later a consultant will be appointed to study the required space, vehicle parking capacity and the number of storeys required for the parking lot. Measurement of the lot Poveda Parking Measurement: Canvass equipment and materials needed: Steel bars, Cement, Gravel Sand, Wielding rod, bolts, Paint. Canvass of contractor Construction of the proposed project (Durability of the elevated parking lot – how long it will last ? Durability: 20 years 2. Time table Estimated Completion time: 5 months (March – August ) During the summer break of 2014, the elevated parking lot is to be built. There will be 5 months intended for the building of the elevated parking lot. It is foreseen to be finished before second semester starts. By the start of second semester, the elevated parking lot should be ready for the population’s use. Anticipated Outcome After the project is completed, the school will benefit from the project. This project will be convenient to students, teachers and staff. There will be less hassle for the part-time teachers. Financially, it is much better to pay the school for a monthly parking fee than to park and pay everyday at Robinson’s Galleria as funds may be used for other school projects or enhancements. Evaluating the Results The results will be evaluated through conducting a survey and giving out test questionnaires which will gather information on how the project is going. The group would also be able to gather comments and suggestions from the people with regards to the project. The group will also gather the areas of improvements which will make the project more successful. II. STATEMENT OF NEED The group wants to propose an elevated parking lot beside the Victoria building. The Size of the elevated parking lot is shown above. The elevated parking lot will be very useful to students, teachers and staff because there will be enough space for their own vehicle and they will experience the comfort of having their own vehicles situated inside the school premises which is guarded and safe. This parking lot will be safe since it is situated near the guard house of the school. In addition, the school will have enough parking space limiting the people to be disturbed should their cars be blocking the way. It will also be beneficial as the school can earn profits from this project by means of yearly/monthly dues. (ADDRESS ALL THE PROBLEMS THAT OCCUR IN POVEDA – like Blocking the way , Security , Space , Far place to park ) III. Project Description A. Objectives ( Measurable Outcomes ) B. Methods ( Activities to achieve the objective ) C. Administration ( How it will be managed, operated and sustained ) 3,488. 63 - 3,500PHP Yearly due 2500 for the parking + 1000 for the sticker 3,500 x 55 CARS x 20YEARS = 3,850,000 (Labor fee which will be asked monthly/yearly to cover the cost of the proposal) D. Evaluation E. Sustainability IV. BUDGET Capacity: 15 cars in first stack 20 cars in second stack 20 cars in third stack 3 stacks equivalent to 55 cars. Estimated Cost: 1. Material Cost – P2,500,000. 00 2. Labour at 30% Material Cost – P750,000. 00 Total: P3,250,000. 00 3. Consumable Material – P100,000. 00 4. Mark-up at 15% of total – P487,500. 00 Grand Total: P3,837,500. 00 V. Conclusion The cost of building the elevated parking lot may be costly however, the benefits that the school can earn from the project will be most achieved once it has been completed. It will help ease the existing problems in terms of lacking parking spaces for the Saint Pedro Poveda College population but likewise earn the comfort of having their own vehicles situated inside the school premises which is guarded and safe. In addition, to help relieve the funding of the project, monthly/yearly dues must be executed which will help maintain the structure for the years to come. Additional funds derived from the project may also be used in other school activities.

Perceptions Toward International Financial -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Perceptions Toward International Financial? Answer: Introduction The Multinational companies with operations spreading in different countries around the globe have to deal with regular changes in exchange rates. In-fact the management of these companies have to give fair amount of their time on dealing with exchange rates differences to ensure that the changes in exchange rates do not affect their financial position and operational performances negatively (Madura 2015). There are numerous ways and techniques to deal with exchange rate differences. In order to reduce the risks of exchange rate exposure organizations that are operating in foreign countries will use different techniques and methods to reduce the overall risks of foreign exchange rates differentiation at manageable level. A brief discussion shall be made in a document on different ways and methods that can be used by organizations to the risk of losing money due to sudden dramatic changes in foreign exchange rates (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). Summary of Explanation The American dollar can very much be termed as the recognized currency for international trade due to its huge impact on international transactions. Changes in exchange rates as already mentioned is a matter of regular occurrence thus, it is no surprise that investors as well as business organizations with numerous international transactions are constantly looking to use different methods and techniques to reduce the risks associated with foreign exchange fluctuation (Petty et al. 2015). Fluctuation in exchange rates need not always be negative towards an investor or a business organization however, no business organization would be like to involve in a situation that increases the uncertainty level. Investors that have invested fair share of their total investments in foreign currencies will also be looking to reduce the overall risks associated with dramatic changes in these exchange rates by taking necessary steps (Cavusgil et al. 2014). International financial management has always been a subject of curious discussion since the effect of globalization sat in the world business. The given article in this case has discussed the international perspective and its impact of foreign exchange rate. Globalization and the ever increasing multi-national companies have certainly contributed to the ever increasing importance and curiosity in foreign exchange rates fluctuations. The author while explain the reasons of changes in foreign exchange rates have discussed various elements in foreign exchange markets that influences the foreign exchange rates. The importance of common judgment along with rules have been talked about extensively in the article. Most of the analysis of the author is spot on however, let us concentrate on the methods and ways that the investors can use to reduce the risks associated with foreign exchange fluctuations. There are number of ways to manage the risks associated with foreign exchange fluctuations. It would be wrong to thing that any single investor or business organization can manage the exchange rates as there are numerous elements that contribute to the exchange rate fluctuation almost all of which are beyond the control of an investor and a business organization. Thus, rather than trying to manage the exchange rates the better option for an investor as well as business organization is to use different available techniques and methods to reduce the possibility of huge loss from dramatic changes in exchange rates (Deresky, 2017). Achieving stability in US dollar is the responsibility of US economy and dependent on the monetary policy of the country along with numerous other national and international issues that have substantial influence on the stability of dollar. From the rate of interests for borrowing in the country to the international crude and oil prices; from issues that are a ffecting the national environment to the international financial turbulence. From the global economic meltdown to the global economic resurgence since the US dollar is so much in use across the globe most of the issues in financial world as well as non-financial world tend to affect the stability of US dollar against other currencies around the globe (Jung et al. 2016). However, due to the internal strength of US economy and the strong foundation laid down by the past generations US economy has sustain numerous issues with relative ease and have emerged victorious time after time. Similarly due to the core strength of US currency, i.e. US dollar, against all other currencies across the globe no huge slump has been recorded in recent past. Thus, it can be said with certain amount of confidence that the stability of US dollar is very much the responsibility of the policy makers of US however, a business organization and investors can certainly reduce the overall risks associated with their investment and foreign exchange earnings and outgoes by taking certain steps in right direction. Let us now have a brief discussion on the number of options that an investor or a business organization has in front of it to avoid any loss due to fluctuations in the foreign exchange rates. The Investors and business organizations should look for countries with strong currencies to invest its funds and do business. The countries with strong currency will help the investors to reduce its overall risks associated with foreign currency as compare to other currencies the strong currency will hold its ground will remain stable through-out the investment period (Brooke 2016). In times of turbulence, as far as turbulence in foreign exchange is considered the most fragile area that is hit badly is the foreign bond market. Thus, investors as well as business organizations should avoid making investments in foreign bonds at times of turbulence in the foreign exchange market (Finkler et al. 2016). Making investments in currency-hedged bonds would improve the financial stability of an investor as well as an organization that has invested in such types of bonds. Investment in mutual funds is quite a safe option to choose to avoid getting exposed to foreign exchange rates fluctuations. With sophisticated investments such as futures and options it is possible to reduce the overall risks associated with investments in foreign bonds to a huge extent. Diversification is one of the most important and essential aspects of managing the risks in investment profile. Investors should ensure that the investment profiles are as diverse as possible from the global perspective. Diversification will help in spreading the risks to different securities and bonds to reduce the possibility of being exposed due to sudden changes in a particular currency rate as the other currency rates will hold its ground in all probability (Cangiano et al. 2013). Using hedging instrument will help the investors as well as business organizations to hedge its foreign currency earnings and outgoes as well as other foreign currency assets and liabilities. Thus, the exchange rate fluctuations will not have any impact on such earnings and outgoes as well as assets and liabilities. Using Swap options, future options, cap floor options, put and call options can help the business organizations to reduce the risks associated with foreign exchanges fluctuations. However, these are to be used properly to ensure that the premiums to be paid is worth with business objective that an organization has. Evaluation of various ways to protect from currency variation Multi-national company is a company that has business operations spread in different parts of the world. Obviously, due to the expansion of business such companies have to deal with foreign currencies on a regular basis. Business operations include expenditures on purchases, payment for salaries and wages, other expenses essential to the business operations, sales etc. In case of multi-national companies with business operations in different parts of the world such operations require dealings in foreign currencies. Considering the importance of foreign transactions and their influence in the overall business, operations such multi-national companies will have to take into consideration the numerous risks that are associated with the business operations using foreign currencies (Bodie et al. 2014). It is not possible to completely wipe off the whole risks associated with foreign operations of a multi-national company however, with the effective use of different techniques and methods such companies can certainly reduce the overall risks associated with business operations in foreign currencies. Effective utilization of these techniques and methods depend on the ability of the management to use these based on the situation of foreign exchange market along with economic and financial realities at micro and macro levels. Compare to an investor a multi-national company certainly have to manage the risks in foreign exchange fluctuations at a much bigger level, as the stakes are much higher for such companies (Wild et al. 2014). Foreign exchange risk management: The conversion of currencies will logically bring the exchange risk into consideration as it is a natural progression with foreign exchange transactions. Switching over from one currency to other will compulsorily require the adjustment of currencies according to the exchange rates on the date of conversion. In order to reduce this risk a multinational company can use different methods depending on the situation and requirements of such organization. From the perspective of a multi-national company the extent of vulnerability that will affect the profit and losses of such organization due to the fluctuations in foreign exchange rates can be termed as currency exposure. Not only the items of profits and losses are influenced with the currency exposure but even the balance sheet items are also impacted due to currency exposure thus, management in such companies will have to be pro-active and should use necessary measures to reduce such risks to an acceptable level (Lastra et al. 2015). In such companies foreign exchange risk management assumes great significance in overall policy making decision in such companies. The exposures to foreign currency transactions and subsequent profits and losses in a multi-national companies along with monetary and non-monetary items can mainly be divided into following broad categories; Transaction exposure. Translation exposure. Economic exposure. Understanding the above exposures in brief detail is important to the management of foreign exchange currency risks associated with the fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Transaction exposure: Multi-national companies are engaged in different types of transactions that include commitment of payment of foreign currency at a future date to a supplier or other such party as part of business operations. Any exchange rate fluctuation between the period of actual transaction and the date of payment in relation to the home currency of the organization with that foreign currency will influence the final liability of such companies. Especially importers are mainly impacted due to transaction exposure which could be reduced by incorporating necessary exchange management measures (Allen et al. 2013). Translation exposure: Multi-national companies with global operations will incur liabilities as well as accrue assets. Liabilities could be payable as well as others and assets could be receivables along with others. Any exchange rate fluctuations in currencies in which the receipts and payments have to be made in the future in respect of the above that have been accumulated due to global operations would certainly have huge impact on the performance and financial position of such companies. The net asset value of such companies between two alternative dates will be deeply impacted in case of any large variation in exchange rates. The capital gearing ratio of such companies will also be influenced substantially in case such large variation in foreign exchange rates (Jung 2017). Economic exposure: The economic strengths and realities in different countries are not similar in different countries thus, in cross border trading countries with relatively weaker economies compare to the competitors in cross border trading will be exposed to economic exposure. Strengths of currencies, relative costs, prices in these countries will contribute to the economic exposure (Persakis and Iatridis 2016). Covering the foreign exchange risks of different types as mentioned in the above requires huge amount of planning and necessary importance have to be given to the management of exchange risks in the overall strategy of running an organization. Hedging is the technical term that is used to cover the foreign exchange risks in an organization (Stent 2017). In case an organization decides not to hedge then it can be assumed that the management of such organization believes that the future movements in exchange rates will be in the favor of such organization. It is important to note here that even if an organization decides to hedge everything it is still not possible to eliminate the economic exposure completely due to certain elements that are beyond the control of an organization. Opportunity cost is another aspect that an organization will have to consider while taking decisions relating to hedging of financial instruments of such organization (Dimmock 2013). Multi-national companies operating in several countries have certain advantage over other organization as the managers of such organizations can use their own management techniques to manage the foreign exchange risks accordingly. Such techniques include opening foreign currency accounts in countries where the company will be receiving foreign exchanges attributable to business operations; netting exposure by switching the currencies of different countries in respect of payables and receivable from business operations. Switching the base of manufacturing units to different countries to incur expenditures on home currency will help an organization to reduce the foreign exchange fluctuations risks significantly (Panic 2015 ). Forward exchange contracts: Usually extended to customers, in this kind of hedging banks offer forward exchange contracts for both sales as well as purchases with a particular maturity date with a pre-determined amount to be paid or received as the case may be (Phan et al. 2014). This helps an organization to hedge its payable and receivable and subsequently in case of variation in exchange rates customers can use this contract to reduce the possible expenditures or increase the possible revenue accordingly. Customers are given the option to choose the tenor as well as the currency of hedge. Forward exchange contracts give the customer an option to use it on any day during the period of such contracts thus, making it quite flexible from the point of view of the customers. However, since the rate in such contract is fixed thus, even if the fluctuation is in favor of the customers still the rate does not change (Dudin et al. 2015). Currency Futures: An agreement to purchase or sell a specific financial instrument at a pre-determined price at a future rate is a future contract. An organization can take up an opposite currency future contract to its foreign currency balance to deal with foreign currency exposure. The review of future contracts are made on a regular basis thus, the value of the future contracts keep on changing depending on the agreed prices of such futures. The limitations of futures are mainly the maturity rate and the contract size as often the corporate requirements might not be tailored according to the maturity rate and contract size thus, the organizations have to tailor its requirements accordingly which is not a suitable condition for any organization (Kaya and Koch 2015). Currency option: An option that gives right to the buyer of the option without any obligation to purchase, known as call option, or to sell, known as put option, at a pre-determined prices as agreed in the relevant options, call or put option as the case may be, certain specific amount of foreign currency. The pre-determined price is called strike price. Thus, the most important think to note here that the buyer of the option, whether call option or put option, does not cast any obligation on the buyer rather gives him / her an option to buy or sell specific foreign currency at a pre-determined price known as strike price (Cheng et al. 2014). The buyer of the option will have to pay a premium to buy such option. An option can be exercised at any time on or before the period as mentioned in the option however, in many countries nature of these options are different. Thus, in case of American options where the buyer can exercised his right at any time on or before the period mentioned in the option but the same is not true in countries like India, Russia where the option can be exercised only on a particular date as mentioned in these options. Swap: A derivative contract that allows two parties to exchange financial instruments at agreed terms and conditions is known as Swap. Interest rate swap is the most common swap used in business transactions to reduce the risks of interest rate fluctuations (Biddle et al. 2015). Generally no trades in swaps are conducted in exchanges rather swaps are contracts between financial institutions and business organizations transacted over the counter. The parties in an interest rate swap exchange cash flows based on a notional principal amount that never changes hands in reality but used to speculate in order to hedge. The above can be better understood with a practical example. For example, suppose XYZ Limited has issued $1 Million in 5-year bonds with London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 130 basis points. Suppose LIBOR is currently at its historical low thus, obviously the management of XYZ limited is anxious, as the interest rate in all probability would increase in coming days. To hedge the interest rate in such cases the interest rate Swap can be used effectively. Thus, the management of XYZ Limited will have to find a company that is interested to pay an annual rate of interest that is similar to the rate quoted by the XYZ Limited in its 5 years bonds for 5 years period on equal amount. Thus, the interest rate swap will in other words will enable the XYZ Limited to find another company to funds its interest commitment for the next 5 years period. XYZ Limited will be benefitted in case the rates increases in the future over the next 5 years period and in case of the other company it will be benefitted irrespective of the fluctuation in interest rates (Altman et al. 2017). Suppose now if LIBOR rises by 0.75% then, XYZs total interest payment over the next five years period will be $225000. 225000=1000000*(5*0.013+0.017+0.0245+0.032+0.0395+0.047) This is $75000 in excess of $150000 in case LIBOR wouldnt have changed and remained flat without any variation. 150000=1000000*5*(0.013+0.017) XYZ Limited is going to pay $300000.00 which can be seen in the following calculation: 300000=1000000*5*0.06 XYZ Limited is also going to receive $225000.00 due to the interest rate swap thus, the net loss of the company will be $75000.00. Conclusion: Managing the foreign exchange rates fluctuations is an integral part of the overall management of a multi-national organization and its financial aspect. Thus, management will have to give due importance to this aspect to ensure that the business is not negatively impacted due to any significant changes in foreign exchange rates. Using forward exchange contracts, future contracts, swap and other such hedging instruments will help the management of such organizations to reduce the overall risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates in business operations. Reference Allen, R., Hemming, R. and Potter, B. eds., 2013.The international handbook of public financial management. Springer. Altman, E.I., Iwanicz?Drozdowska, M., Laitinen, E.K. and Suvas, A., 2017. Financial Distress Prediction in an International Context: A Review and Empirical Analysis of Altman's Z?Score Model.Journal of International Financial Management Accounting,28(2), pp.131-171. Biddle, G.C., Callahan, C.M., Hong, H.A. and Knowles, R.L., 2015. Do Adoptions of International Financial Reporting Standards Enhance Capital Investment Efficiency?. Bodie, Z., Kane, A. and Marcus, A.J., 2014.Investments, 10e. McGraw-Hill Education. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brooke, M.Z., 2016.Handbook of international financial management. Springer. Cangiano, M.M., Curristine, M.T.R. and Lazare, M.M., 2013.Public financial management and its emerging architecture. International Monetary Fund. Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J.R., Rammal, H.G. and Rose, E.L., 2014.International business. Pearson Australia. Cheng, M., Green, W., Conradie, P., Konishi, N. and Romi, A., 2014. The international integrated reporting framework: key issues and future research opportunities.Journal of International Financial Management Accounting,25(1), pp.90-119. Deresky, H., 2017.International management: Managing across borders and cultures. Pearson Education India. Dimmock, C. ed., 2013.School-based management and school effectiveness. Routledge. Dudin, M.N., Prokofev, M.N., Fedorova, I.J.E., Frygin, A.V. and Kucuri, G.N., 2015. International Practice of Generation of the National Budget Income on the Basis of the Generally Accepted Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Finkler, S.A., Smith, D.L., Calabrese, T.D. and Purtell, R.M., 2016.Financial management for public, health, and not-for-profit organizations. CQ Press. Jung, C., 2017. Public 6 finance and financial management.Public Administration and Policy in Korea: Its Evolution and Challenges, p.118. Jung, W.O., Park, S.O. and Chung, H., 2016. Debt financing and voluntary adoption of the international financial reporting standards: Evidence from Korean unlisted firms.Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,52(1), pp.39-51. Kaya, D. and Koch, M., 2015. Countries adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs)early empirical evidence.Accounting and Business Research,45(1), pp.93-120. Lastra, R.M., 2015.International financial and monetary law. Oxford University Press. Madura, J., 2015.International Financial Management, Abridged. Cengage Learning. Panic, M., 2015.National Management of International Economy. Springer. Persakis, A. and Iatridis, G.E., 2016. Audit quality, investor protection and earnings management during the financial crisis of 2008: An international perspective.Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money,41, pp.73-101. Petty, J.W., Titman, S., Keown, A.J., Martin, P., Martin, J.D. and Burrow, M., 2015.Financial management: Principles and applications. Pearson Higher Education AU. Phan, D.H.T., Mascitelli, B. and Barut, M., 2014. Perceptions towards international financial reporting standards (IFRS): The case of Vietnam. Stent, W., Bradbury, M.E. and Hooks, J., 2017. Insights into accounting choice from the adoption timing of International Financial Reporting Standards.Accounting Finance,57(S1), pp.255-276. 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